Studi Beberapa Sifat Fisik Tanah Akibat Alih Fungsi Lahan Sawah Pasang Surut di Desa Karya Bhakti Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22437/agroecotania.v8i1.45711Abstract
Terjadinya Penurunan luas lahan sawah dan peningkatan luas lahan perkebunan menyebabkan alih fungsi lahan sawah menjadi bentuk penggunaan lahan lainnya. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Karya Bhakti, Kecamatan Rantau Rasau, Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur, Provinsi Jambi. Metode yang digunakan adalah survei stratified pada empat jenis penggunaan lahan yaitu sawah, kelapa sawit, karet dan kebun campuran. Luas areal penelitian mencapai 794 ha. Penetapan titik sampel dilakukan berdasarkan transek dengan jarak 50 m, 100 m, 100 m. Jumlah sampel yang diambil di lokasi penelitian ada 12 titik dengan 2 kedalaman yaitu 0-30 cm dan 30-60 cm sehingga diperoleh 24 sampel tanah. Data dari hasil penelitian dianalisis secara deskriptif dengan membandingkan sifat fisik tanah yaitu berat volume tanah, total ruang pori, tekstur, struktur, dan bahan organik pada masing-masing penggunaan lahan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tekstur tanah didominasi oleh kelas tekstur
lempung dan liat dengan struktur gumpal dan granular. Kandungan bahan organik tertinggi terdapat pada lahan sawah dan terendah pada lahan karet, perbedaaan vegetasi mempengaruhi bahan organik tanah. Berat volume tertinggi terdapat pada lahan karet dan terendah pada lahan sawah, pengolahan tanah dan kedalaman tanah mempengaruhi berat volume tanah. Total ruang pori tanah tertinggi ditemukan pada lahan sawah dan terendah pada lahan karet, faktor vegetasi dan kedalaman tanah turut mempengaruhi total ruang pori tanah, dimana semakin dalam tanah maka nilai total ruang pori semakin rendah.
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