FAITH MEETS TECHNOLOGY: NAVIGATING STUDENT SATISFACTION IN INDONESIA’S ISLAMIC HIGHER EDUCATION ONLINE LEARNING
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22437/jiituj.v9i2.41513Keywords:
Islamic Value, Large survey, Online learning, Satisfaction, Social cognitiveAbstract
As the digital revolution continues to redefine global education, Islamic Higher Education (IHE) institutions in Indonesia face the dual challenge of integrating modern technology with traditional religious instruction. This study explores how digital learning environments can harmonize with Islamic pedagogical values to shape student satisfaction in online learning. Guided by Albert Bandura’s social cognitive theory, this research investigates the psychosocial and contextual factors influencing satisfaction and perceived learning outcomes among students in faith-based online education. A total of 3,270 undergraduate students from four IHE institutions participated in this study. Using Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS), we developed a novel integrative model that incorporates conventional online learning dimensions—such as teacher support, content adaptability, student interaction, and perceived ease of use—alongside embedded Islamic values. The analysis reveals that Islamic values are the most dominant factor influencing student satisfaction, surpassing even technological usability. Teacher support significantly enhances metacognitive skills, reinforces faith-based values, and increases overall satisfaction. Additionally, the availability of virtual laboratory resources and adaptive content was found to moderate the relationship between psychosocial factors and learning outcomes. This research contributes a faith-integrated theoretical framework for understanding online learning in religious educational settings, a relatively underexplored domain. It explains 72.8% of the variance in student satisfaction, offering robust insights for curriculum designers, educators, and policymakers aiming to optimize Islamic online education. The study opens new pathways for cross-cultural research at the intersection of technology, pedagogy, and religious values in digital learning environments.
Downloads
References
Acquah, I. K. (2025). Enhancing conceptual understanding of electric circuit analysis through the jigsaw method: a quasi-experimental study in senior high schools. Schrödinger: Journal of Physics Education, 6(1), 9-18. https://doi.org/10.37251/sjpe.v6i1.1348
Akturk, A. O., & Sahin, I. (2011). Literature review on metacognition and its measurement. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 15, 3731-3736. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.04.364.
Al-Ghazali, A. H. M. (2013). Revival of religion’s sciences: Ihya’Ulum Ad-Din. Beirut Lebanon: Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah.
Aldridge, J. M., & Fraser, B. J. (2008). Technology-Rich Outcomes-Focused Learning Environment Inventory (TROFLEI) Outcomes-Focused Learning Environments (pp. 95-100): Brill.
Alqurashi, E. (2019). Predicting student satisfaction and perceived learning within online learning environments. Distance Education, 40(1), 133-148. https://doi.org/10.1080/01587919.2018.1553562.
Anugradia, N., Kruehong, T., & Alvarez, J. L. (2025). Students’ evaluation of the effectiveness of open access journals in accelerating paper completion. Journal of Educational Technology and Learning Creativity, 3(1), 122-130. https://doi.org/10.37251/jetlc.v3i1.1462
Baker, J. (2007). Constructivist online learning environment survey Handbook of Research on Electronic Surveys and Measurements (pp. 299-301): IGI Global.
Bandura, A. (2001). Social cognitive theory: An agentic perspective. Annual review of psychology, 52(1), 1-26. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.1
Batdı, V., Doğan, Y., & Talan, T. (2021). Effectiveness of online learning: a multi-complementary approach research with responses from the COVID-19 pandemic period. Interactive Learning Environments, 31, 1-34. https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2021.1954035
Cardozo, R. N. (1965). An experimental study of customer effort, expectation, and satisfaction. Journal of marketing research, 2(3), 244-249. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224376500200303
Castro, R. (2025). The effects of chemistry virtual laboratories in academic achievement of secondary level learners: A meta-analysis. Integrated Science Education Journal, 6(1), 24-37. https://doi.org/10.37251/isej.v6i1.1379
Çebi, A., & Güyer, T. (2020). Students’ interaction patterns in different online learning activities and their relationship with motivation, self-regulated learning strategy and learning performance. Education and Information Technologies, 25(5), 3975-3993. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-020-10151-1
Chang, H.-Y., Wang, C.-Y., Lee, M.-H., Wu, H.-K., Liang, J.-C., Lee, S. W.-Y., . . . Hsu, C.-Y. (2015). A review of features of technology-supported learning environments based on participants’ perceptions. Computers in Human Behavior, 53, 223-237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.06.042
Coussement, K., Phan, M., De Caigny, A., Benoit, D. F., & Raes, A. (2020). Predicting student dropout in subscription-based online learning environments: The beneficial impact of the logit leaf model. Decision Support Systems, 135, 113325. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dss.2020.113325
Devi, B., Khandelwal, B., & Das, M. (2017). Application of Bandura’s social cognitive theory in the technology enhanced, blended learning environment. International Journal of Applied Research, 3(1), 721-724.
Doranggi, S., & Rizka, A. (2025). Analysis of the effectiveness of online learning based on google classroom on high school students’ learning achievement. Indonesian Journal of Education Research (IJoER), 6(1), 45-52. https://doi.org/10.37251/ijoer.v6i1.1481
Elshami, W., Taha, M. H., Abuzaid, M., Saravanan, C., Al Kawas, S., & Abdalla, M. E. (2021). Satisfaction with online learning in the new normal: perspective of students and faculty at medical and health sciences colleges. Medical Education Online, 26(1), 1920090. https://doi.org/10.1080/10872981.2021.1920090
Em, S., Mok, S., & Sam, R. (2025). Exploring Cambodian teachers’ views on transformational leadership of school directors. Journal of Social Knowledge Education (JSKE), 6(1), 76-89. https://doi.org/10.37251/jske.v6i1.1364
Feriati, B., Nopita, R., Riadi, H., Harmaini, H., Sulwana, S., & Uri, F. (2025). The integration of science and technology in islamic fiqh: a contemporary perspective. Indonesian Journal of Education Research (IJoER), 6(1), 77-86. https://doi.org/10.37251/ijoer.v6i1.1407
Ferrer-Cascales, R., Walker, S. L., Reig-Ferrer, A., Fernández-Pascual, M. D., & Albaladejo-Blázquez, N. (2011). Evaluation of hybrid and distance education learning environments in Spain. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 27(7). https://doi.org/10.14742/ajet.906
Firdaus, M., & Mukhtar, M. (2025). Reconstructing multivariable calculus learning through mathematical discourse for conceptual and procedural understanding. Journal Evaluation in Education (JEE), 6(1), 45-54. https://doi.org/10.37251/jee.v6i1.1327
Firmansyah, E., Baluta, I. B., & Elfaituri, K. (2024). The correlation between students’ problem-solving abilities and their mathematical thinking in high school mathematics education. Interval: Indonesian Journal of Mathematical Education, 2(2), 132-140. https://doi.org/10.37251/ijome.v2i2.1343
Fraser, B., McRobbie, C., & Fisher, D. (1996). Development, validation and use of personal and class forms of a new classroom environment questionnaire. Paper presented at the Proceedings Western Australian Institute for educational research forum.
Fraser, B. J. (1998). Classroom environment instruments: Development, validity and applications. Learning Environments Research, 1(1), 7-34. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009932514731
Galdonez, D. P. (2025). Exploring the Experiences of STEM students in writing research: insights, challenges, and strategies. Journal of Basic Education Research, 6(1), 9-16. https://doi.org/10.37251/jber.v6i1.1150
Gupta, A., & Fisher, D. (2012). Technology-supported learning environments in science classrooms in India. Learning Environments Research, 15(2), 195-216. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10984-012-9103-9
Habibi, M. W., Jiyane, L., & Özşen, Z. (2024). Learning revolution: The positive impact of computer simulations on science achievement in madrasah ibtidaiyah. Journal of Educational Technology and Learning Creativity, 2(1), 13-19. https://doi.org/10.37251/jetlc.v2i1.976
Hair Jr, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2021). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM): Sage publications.
Hair Jr, J. F., Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C. M., & Gudergan, S. P. (2017). Advanced issues in partial least squares structural equation modeling: saGe publications.
Halimah, H., Putri , D. E., Wulandari, W., Adewumi, S. E., & Arce-Calderón, X. (2024). Contextual pop up book as an innovative learning media in social science subjects in elementary schools. Journal of Educational Technology and Learning Creativity, 2(2), 209-216. https://doi.org/10.37251/jetlc.v2i2.1121
Hassan, A., Suhid, A., Abiddin, N. Z., Ismail, H., & Hussin, H. (2010). The role of Islamic philosophy of education in aspiring holistic learning. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 5, 2113-2118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.07.423
Hermanto, D., Ardianto, D., & Permanasari, A. (2025). Evaluation of STEM integration in science teaching materials: an independent curriculum perspective. Journal Evaluation in Education (JEE), 6(1), 122-126. https://doi.org/10.37251/jee.v6i1.1290
Horzum, M. B. (2017). Interaction, structure, social presence, and satisfaction in online learning. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 11(3), 505-512. https://doi.org/10.12973/eurasia.2014.1324a
Hulland, J. (1999). Use of partial least squares (PLS) in strategic management research: A review of four recent studies. Strategic management journal, 20(2), 195-204.
Kéri, A. (2021). Online Teaching Methods and Student Satisfaction during a Pandemic. International Journal of Educational and Pedagogical Sciences, 15(4), 369-375.
Khine, M. S., & Fisher, D. L. (2003). Technology-rich learning environments: A future perspective. United States: World scientific.
Kosiba, J. P. B., Odoom, R., Boateng, H., Twum, K. K., & Abdul-Hamid, I. K. (2022). Examining students’ satisfaction with online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic-an extended UTAUT2 approach. Journal of Further and Higher Education, 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1080/0309877X.2022.2030687
Koul, R. B., Fisher, D., & Shaw, T. (2011). An application of the TROFLEI in secondary-school science classes in New Zealand. Research in Science & Technological Education, 29(2), 147-167. https://doi.org/10.1080/02635143.2011.573475
Kuo, Y.-C., Walker, A. E., Belland, B. R., & Schroder, K. E. (2013). A predictive study of student satisfaction in online education programs. International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 14(1), 16-39. https://doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v14i1.1338
Laksono, P. J., Suhadi, S., & Efriani, A. (2025). Unveiling STEM education conceptions: insights from pre-service mathematics and science teachers. Integrated Science Education Journal, 6(1), 54-61. https://doi.org/10.37251/isej.v6i1.1387
Landrum, B., Bannister, J., Garza, G., & Rhame, S. (2021). A class of one: Students’ satisfaction with online learning. Journal of Education for Business, 96(2), 82-88. https://doi.org/10.1080/08832323.2020.1757592
Mabeza, M. R. A. (2025). Students’ gendered expectations and evaluation on thesis advising skills and mentoring practices of the local thesis advisory committee (LTAC) in camarines norte state college. Journal of Social Knowledge Education (JSKE), 6(1), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.37251/jske.v6i1.1172
MacLeod, C., & Fraser, B. J. (2010). Development, validation and application of a modified Arabic translation of the What Is Happening In this Class?(WIHIC) questionnaire. Learning Environments Research, 13(2), 105-125. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10984-008-9052-5
Maheshwari, G. (2021). Factors affecting students’ intentions to undertake online learning: an empirical study in Vietnam. Education and Information Technologies, 26(6), 6629-6649. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-021-10465-8
Maor, D., & Fraser, B. J. (2005). An online questionnaire for evaluating students' and teachers' perceptions of constructivist multimedia learning environments. Research in Science Education, 35(2), 221-244. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11165-005-2148-3
Mardiati, D. C., Alorgbey, B., & Zarogi, A. B. (2024). The relationship between educational level and the role of parents with learning achievement in mathematics. Interval: Indonesian Journal of Mathematical Education, 2(1), 22-28. https://doi.org/10.37251/ijome.v2i1.983
Miharja, M. A., Bulayi, M., & Triet, L. V. M. (2024). Realistic mathematics education: Unlocking problem-solving potential in students. Interval: Indonesian Journal of Mathematical Education, 2(1), 50-59. https://doi.org/10.37251/ijome.v2i1.1344
Musbahtiti, K., Saady, M. R., & Muhammad, A. (2013). Comprehensive e-Learning system based on Islamic principles. Paper presented at the 2013 5th International conference on information and communication technology for the Muslim world (ICT4M).
National Research Council. (2015). Identifying and supporting productive STEM programs in out-of-school settings: National Academies Press.
Newhouse, C. P. (2001). Development and use of an instrument for computer-supported learning environments. Learning Environments Research, 4(2), 115-138. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1012411332666
Nguyen, L. T., & Tuamsuk, K. (2022). Digital learning ecosystem at educational institutions: A content analysis of scholarly discourse. Cogent Education, 9(1), 2111033. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2022.2111033
Oncu, S., & Cakir, H. (2011). Research in online learning environments: Priorities and methodologies. Computers & Education, 57(1), 1098-1108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2010.12.009
Parahoo, S. K., Santally, M. I., Rajabalee, Y., & Harvey, H. L. (2016). Designing a predictive model of student satisfaction in online learning. Journal of Marketing for Higher Education, 26(1), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1080/08841241.2015.1083511
Pham, H.-h., & Ho, T.-t.-h. (2020). Toward a ‘ new normal ’ with e-learning in Vietnamese higher education during the post COVID-19 pandemic. Higher Education Research & Development, 0(0), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1080/07294360.2020.1823945
Pintrich, P. R., Smith, D., García, T., & McKachie, W. J. (1991). The motivated strategies for learning questionnaire (MSLQ). Ann Arbor, MI: NCRIPTAL, The University of Michigan.
Qiu, L., Ikeda, F., & Yamashita, N. (2025). Development and validation of a taxonomy for specific questions based on deficiencies in logical reasoning. Integrated Science Education Journal, 6(1), 6-14. https://doi.org/10.37251/isej.v6i1.1102
Rachmanto, T. B., & Akande, I. O. (2024). Utilization of information technology in increasing the effectiveness of citizenship Learning. Journal of Educational Technology and Learning Creativity, 2(2), 217-222. https://doi.org/10.37251/jetlc.v2i2.1140
Sari, R., Omeiza, I. I., & Mwakifuna, M. A. (2023). The influence of number dice games in improving early childhood mathematical logic in early childhood education. Interval: Indonesian Journal of Mathematical Education, 1(2), 61-66. https://doi.org/10.37251/ijome.v1i2.776
Sari, S. A., & Oransa, M. A. (2025). Qualitative analysis of the implementation of inquiry-based physics learning tools on strengthening character and improving learning outcomes. Schrödinger: Journal of Physics Education, 6(1), 34-42. https://doi.org/10.37251/sjpe.v6i1.1469
Schunk, D. H., & DiBenedetto, M. K. (2020). Motivation and social cognitive theory. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 60, 101832. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cedpsych.2019.101832
Simbolon, M., Pongkendek, J. J., Henukh, A., & Rochintaniawati, D. (2025). Teachers’ and students’ feedback on sociocultural interactive digital modules for science literacy and problem-solving: A transformative learning approach. Journal Evaluation in Education (JEE), 6(1), 241-248. https://doi.org/10.37251/jee.v6i1.1314
Tep, S., Loch, R., & Pok, V. (2025). How principals’ instructional leadership influence teachers’ self-efficacy. Journal of Basic Education Research, 6(1), 47-56. https://doi.org/10.37251/jber.v6i1.1421
Toquero, C. M. (2020). Challenges and opportunities for higher education amid the COVID-19 pandemic: The Philippine context. Pedagogical Research, 5(4). https://doi.org/10.29333/pr/7947
Vovides, Y., Sanchez-Alonso, S., Mitropoulou, V., & Nickmans, G. (2007). The use of e-learning course management systems to support learning strategies and to improve self-regulated learning. Educational Research Review, 2(1), 64-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2007.02.004
Walker, S. (2020). Distance Education Learning Environments Survey (DELES). Mind Garden, Inc.
Walker, S. L., & Fraser, B. J. (2005). Development and validation of an instrument for assessing distance education learning environments in higher education: The Distance Education Learning Environments Survey (DELES). Learning Environments Research, 8(3), 289-308. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10984-005-1568-3
Weidlich, J., & Bastiaens, T. J. (2019). Designing sociable online learning environments and enhancing social presence: An affordance enrichment approach. Computers & Education, 142, 103622. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2019.103622
Yeo, S., Taylor, P., & Kulski, M. (2006). Internationalising a learning environment instrument for evaluating transnational online university courses. Learning Environments Research, 9(2), 179-194. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10984-006-9008-6
Yohanie, D. D., Botchway, G. A., Nkhwalume, A. A., & Arrazaki, M. (2023). Thinking process of mathematics education students in problem solving proof. Interval: Indonesian Journal of Mathematical Education, 1(1), 24-29. https://doi.org/10.37251/ijome.v1i1.611
Yu, Q. (2022). Factors influencing online learning satisfaction. Frontiers in psychology, 13, 852360-852360. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.852360
Yusoff, A. B. M. (2021). Metacognitives And Morals: The Qur'an As A Guide. Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT), 12(4), 659-664.
Zakiyah, Z., Boonma , K., & Collado, R. (2024). Physics learning innovation: song and animation-based media as a learning solution for mirrors and lenses for junior high school students. Journal of Educational Technology and Learning Creativity, 2(2), 183-191. https://doi.org/10.37251/jetlc.v2i2.1062
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Tanti Tanti, Kasful Anwar, Jamaluddin Jamaluddin, Ahmad Syukri Saleh, Deni Kamaluddin Yusup, Mojtaba Jahanifar
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
