CONNECTING CONTEXTUAL PERFORMANCE TO CULTURAL OPENNESS, STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT, AND ORGANIZATIONAL CLIMATE THROUGH INNOVATIVE WORK BEHAVIOR: EVIDENCE FROM PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22437/jiituj.v9i4.49719Keywords:
Contextual Performance, Cultural Openness, Innovative Work Behavior, Organizational Climate, Strategic ManagementAbstract
Supportive organizational climates and strategic management that prioritizes innovation are critical variables that affect contextual performance. Nevertheless, this influence is not directly felt; rather, it is facilitated by innovative work practices. People who are motivated by the company's strategy and supported by a positive organizational climate are more likely to demonstrate innovative work behavior, which in turn enhances their contextual performance and makes a positive contribution to the organization as a whole. The sample for this study was composed of 280 educational staff members from nine private universities in Medan City, each of which had a minimum accreditation rating of B. Descriptive and structural equation modeling (SEM) analyses were implemented. It is evident from the findings that innovative work behavior is significantly influenced by cultural openness. Work behavior that is innovative has a substantial impact on contextual performance. The influence of cultural openness and contextual performance is mediated by innovative work behavior. The behavior of innovative employees is substantially determined by strategic management. Contextual performance is substantially predicted by strategic management. The influence of strategic management and contextual performance is mediated by innovative work behavior. Innovative work behavior is substantially determined by organizational climate. The contextual performance is significantly influenced by the organizational climate. Innovative work behavior serves as a mediator between contextual performance and organizational climate.
Downloads
References
Altbach, P. G., & de Wit, H. (2023). The new dynamics of international higher education. International Higher Education, 113, 2–4. https://doi.org/10.36197/IHE.2023.113.01
Alshammari, A. A., Alhaidan, H., & Alshammari, T. (2024). Strategic HRM practices and employee innovative behavior: The mediating role of organizational climate. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 9(1), Article 100456. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2023.100456
Amabile, T. M., Conti, R., Coon, H., Lazenby, J., & Herron, M. (1996). Assessing the work environment for creativity. Academy of Management Journal, 39(5), 1154–1184.
Anderson, N., Potočnik, K., & Zhou, J. (2024). Innovation and creativity in organizations: A state-of-the-science review, prospective commentary, and guiding framework. Journal of Management, 50(1), 263–307. https://doi.org/10.1177/01492063231220397
Anderson, N., Potočnik, K., & Zhou, J. (2014). Innovation and creativity in organizations. Journal of Management, 40(5), 1297–1333.
Anderson, N. R., & West, M. A. (1998). Measuring climate for work group innovation. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 19(3), 235–258.
Barney, J. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management, 17(1), 99–120. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639101700108
Beaton, D. E., Bombardier, C., Guillemin, F., & Ferraz, M. B. (2000). Guidelines for cross-cultural adaptation of self-report measures. Spine, 25(24), 3186–3191.
Borman, W. C., & Motowidlo, S. J. (1993). Expanding the criterion domain to include elements of contextual performance. In N. Schmitt & W. C. Borman (Eds.), Personnel selection in organizations (pp. 71–98). Jossey-Bass.
Borman, W. C., Penner, L. A., Allen, T. D., & Motowidlo, S. J. (2001). Personality predictors of citizenship performance. International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 9(1-2), 52–69.
Bos-Nehles, A., & Audenaert, M. (2023). The relationship between innovative work behavior and HRM. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 34(5), 1099–1123.
Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling techniques (3rd ed.). Wiley.
Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Erlbaum.
Coen, D., & Vannoni, M. (2020). Business-government relations in China. Cambridge University Press.
Conway, J. M., & Lance, C. E. (2010). What reviewers should expect regarding common method bias. Journal of Business and Psychology, 25(3), 325–334.
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2023). Research design (6th ed.). SAGE.
De Jong, J., & Den Hartog, D. (2010). Measuring innovative work behaviour. Creativity and Innovation Management, 19(1), 23–36.
DeVellis, R. F. (2017). Scale development (4th ed.). SAGE.
Dillman, D. A., Smyth, J. D., & Christian, L. M. (2014). Internet, phone, mail, and mixed-mode surveys (4th ed.). Wiley.
Elbanna, S., Thanos, I. C., & Jansen, R. J. G. (2023). Strategic planning–performance relationship. Long Range Planning, 56(4), 102338.
Fox, S., & Lefkowitz, J. (1974). Differential validity: Ethnic group as a moderator. Journal of Applied Psychology, 59(3), 311–315.
Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Buchner, A., & Lang, A.-G. (2009). Statistical power analyses using G*Power 3.1. Behavior Research Methods, 41(4), 1149–1160.
Fowler, F. J. (2014). Survey research methods (5th ed.). SAGE.
Garrido-López, C., Barroso-Castro, C., & Sanguino-Galván, R. (2018). Corporate culture and innovation. Journal of Business Research, 91, 285–296.
Goldberg, L. R., Johnson, J. A., Eber, H. W., Hogan, R., Ashton, M. C., Cloninger, C. R., & Gough, H. G. (2006). The international personality item pool. Journal of Research in Personality, 40(1), 84–96.
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2021). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (3rd ed.). SAGE.
Hammond, M. M., Neff, N. L., Farr, J. L., Schwall, A. R., & Zhao, X. (2011). Predictors of individual-level innovation at work. Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts, 5(1), 90–105.
Hayes, A. F. (2018). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis (2nd ed.). Guilford.
Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for discriminant validity. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115–135.
Huang, X., & Van de Vliert, E. (2024). Cultural effects on organizational behavior: An integrative framework. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 55(1), 3–28. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022123114567
Hughes, D. J., Lee, A., Tian, A. W., Newman, A., & Legood, A. (2023). Leadership, creativity, and innovation. The Leadership Quarterly, 34(1), 101594.
Indonesian Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology. (2023). Higher education statistics 2023. Pusdatin Kemendikbudristek.
Isaksen, S. G., & Lauer, K. J. (1999). An examination of the relationship between personality type and cognitive style. Creativity Research Journal, 12(4), 311–320.
Kim, M., & Park, S. (2024). Multilevel examination of organizational climate for innovation: Cross-level effects on individual innovative work behavior. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 45(2), 234–251. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2678
Kline, R. B. (2023). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (5th ed.). Guilford.
Kock, N. (2015). Common method bias in PLS-SEM. International Journal of e-Collaboration, 11(4), 1–10.
Koopmans, L., Bernaards, C. M., Hildebrandt, V. H., Lerner, D., de Vet, H. C., & van der Beek, A. J. (2024). Cross-cultural adaptation of the Individual Work Performance Questionnaire. Work & Stress, 38(1), 81–103. https://doi.org/10.1080/02678373.2023.2184946
Krosnick, J. A., & Presser, S. (2010). Question and questionnaire design. In P. V. Marsden & J. D. Wright (Eds.), Handbook of survey research (2nd ed., pp. 263–313). Emerald.
Latan, H., & Noonan, R. (2017). Partial least squares path modeling. Springer.
Li, Y., & Chen, X. (2024). Cultural intelligence and cross-cultural adaptation: The moderating role of openness to experience. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 98, Article 101895. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijintrel.2023.101895
Lohr, S. L. (2022). Sampling: Design and analysis (3rd ed.). CRC Press.
Marginson, S. (2024). Global higher education in 2024: Transformations and challenges. Higher Education, 87(1), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-023-01001-x
Marginson, S., & Dang, Q. A. (2024). Internationalizing higher education in Asia: Tensions between global and local. Comparative Education Review, 68(1), 45–68. https://doi.org/10.1086/727891
Meresa, F. G. (2019). A review of strategic management process. International Journal of Research and Analytical Reviews, 6(1), 515–522.
Mikhno, I., Koval, V., Shvets, G., Garmatiuk, O., & Tamošiūnienė, R. (2020). Green economy in sustainable development. Central European Business Review, 10(1), 48–60.
Motowidlo, S. J., & Van Scotter, J. R. (1994). Evidence that task performance should be distinguished from contextual performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 79(4), 475–480. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.79.4.475
Nizam, & Wicaksono, A. (2023). Competition and quality in Indonesian private higher education: A longitudinal analysis. Higher Education Policy, 36(2), 234–256. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41307-023-00345-2
Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2012). Sources of method bias. Annual Review of Psychology, 63, 539–569.
Porter, S. C., Rheinschmidt-Same, M., & Richeson, J. A. (2017). Inferring identity from language: Linguistic intergroup bias informs social categorization. Psychological Science, 28(1), 94–102. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797616675255
Potyshniak, O., Zaplatynskyi, V., & Kulchytska, K. (2019). Strategic management in market relations. Journal of Management Information and Decision Sciences, 22(4), 489–495.
Pradhan, R. K., & Jena, L. K. (2023). Contextual performance: Past, present, and future. Personnel Review, 52(1), 149–174. https://doi.org/10.1108/PR-12-2020-0931
Raharjo, S. B., Yuliejantiningsih, Y., & Sutarto, J. (2023). Quality assurance challenges in Indonesian private universities: An institutional perspective. Quality Assurance in Education, 31(1), 89–107. https://doi.org/10.1108/QAE-07-2022-0156
Ravenda, D., Valencia-Silva, M. M., Argiles-Bosch, J. M., & García-Blandón, J. (2020). The impact of public subsidies on the performance of new ventures. Journal of Small Business Management, 58(3), 555–578.
Ringle, C. M., Wende, S., & Becker, J.-M. (2022). SmartPLS 4. SmartPLS. http://www.smartpls.com
Rotundo, M., & Sackett, P. R. (2022). The relative importance of task, citizenship, and counterproductive performance to global ratings of job performance: A policy-capturing approach. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(1), 66–80. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.87.1.66
Rugman, A. M., & Verbeke, A. (2008). A new perspective on the regional and global strategies of multinational services firms. Management International Review, 48(4), 397–411.
Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C. M., & Hair, J. F. (2022). Partial least squares structural equation modeling. In C. Homburg, M. Klarmann, & A. Vomberg (Eds.), Handbook of market research (pp. 587–632). Springer.
Schneider, B., González-Romá, V., Ostroff, C., & West, M. A. (2023). Organizational climate and culture: Reflections on the history of the constructs in the Journal of Applied Psychology. Journal of Applied Psychology, 108(4), 535–552. https://doi.org/10.1037/apl0001013
Shanker, R., Bhanugopan, R., Van der Heijden, B. I., & Farrell, M. (2017). Organizational climate for innovation and organizational performance. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 100, 67–77.
Shmueli, G., Sarstedt, M., Hair, J. F., Cheah, J.-H., Ting, H., Vaithilingam, S., & Ringle, C. M. (2019). Predictive model assessment in PLS-SEM. European Journal of Marketing, 53(11), 2322–2347.
Sinaga, R. S., & Hutabarat, H. (2023). Cultural diversity management in North Sumatran higher education institutions. International Journal of Educational Management, 37(3), 567–585. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEM-11-2022-0445
Stead, J. G., & Stead, W. E. (2019). Management for a small planet (4th ed.). Routledge.
Tight, M. (2024). Understanding higher education: Alternative perspectives (2nd ed.). Routledge.
Woo, S. E., Chernyshenko, O. S., Stark, S. E., & Conz, G. (2014). Validity of six openness facets in predicting work behaviors. Journal of Personality Assessment, 96(1), 76–86.
Wright, P. M., Coff, R., & Moliterno, T. P. (2023). Strategic human capital: Crossing the great divide. Journal of Management, 49(6), 1915–1936. https://doi.org/10.1177/01492063231164776
Zhang, X., & Liu, S. (2023). Openness to experience and workplace outcomes in Asian contexts. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 54(4), 456–478.
Zhang, W., & Chen, Y. (2023). Cultural diversity climate and employee creativity: A cross-level moderated mediation model. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 40(3), 1127–1152. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10490-022-09845-3
Zhao, X., Lynch, J. G., Jr., & Chen, Q. (2010). Reconsidering Baron and Kenny. Journal of Consumer Research, 37(2), 197–206.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Supriadi, Ainur Abdrazakova, Erna Listyaningsih

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.











