The Influence of Hoax News on Social Media on Netizens' Social Concern in the Cianjur Earthquake Disaster
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22437/jssh.v9i1.23292Keywords:
Hoax news, Social concernAbstract
In the digital era, freedom of speech on social media is often misused to spread hoax news, which is inaccurate information that aims to mislead the public and trigger division. One of the cases widely discussed is the hoax related to the rejection of aid by victims of the Cianjur earthquake, which triggered misunderstandings among netizens. This study aims to analyze the influence of hoax news on social media on netizens' social concern for the disaster. The method used is quantitative, with primary and secondary data and simple linear regression analysis to measure the relationship between variable X (hoax news) and variable Y (social concern). This study involved 40 respondents from various backgrounds: students, college students, workers, and housewives. The results show that hoax news affects netizens' social concerns, with a contribution of 33.4% and a correlation of 0.578. These findings prove that hoax news can influence a person's mindset, actions, and social concerns, potentially threatening community life. Hopefully, this study will broaden horizons and encourage netizens to be more critical in receiving information.
Downloads
References
A'yun Masfufah. (2020). Contextualization of the Qur'anic verses in facing the hoax phenomenon. Communique, XII, 99–113.
Abdullah, N. (2025). The Hijrah phenomenon: Shifting urban Muslim identities in Indonesia.
Aïmeur, E., Amri, S., & Brassard, G. (2023). Fake news, disinformation, and misinformation in social media: A review. Social Network Analysis and Mining, 13(1), 30.
Aji, H. B., & Setiawan, E. B. (2023). Detecting hoax content on social media using bi-LSTM and RNN. Building Informat., Technol. Sci, 5(1), 114–125.
Amir, T. (2021). Hoaxes and social reality. Media Literacy.
Andriani, A. D. (2023). Digital literacy as a media for da'wah communication in overcoming disaster hoaxes in Cianjur Regency. Ilmu Dakwah: Academic Journal for Homiletic Studies, 17(2), 373–396.
Anwar, R. (2021). Social criticism and digital media. Cahaya Ilmu.
Arif, A. M., & Miswar, A. (2020). An analysis of how hoax news spreads through social media. Literatify: Trends in Library Developments, 1(2), 42–51.
Arifianto, R., Sari, R. A. W., & Dewi, R. (2023, December). Market-driven journalism practices in disaster news connected with myths in online media Mapaybandung. In Proceedings of the International Seminar on Adab and Humanities (Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 127–139).
Arisanty, M., & Wiradharma, G. (2020). The acceptance and resharing behavior of hoax information on social media. Journal of Social and Political Studies, 4(2), 87–99.
Arisanty, M., Febrina, N., Wiradharma, G., & Ginting, E. (2022). Social media users receive and share hoax information: An overview from motivation level. Journal of Social and Political Studies, 6(1), 80–100.
Asri, D., Adrianis, A., & Revita, I. (2021, September). The impoliteness strategies of netizens' comments on Trump and Jokowi's tweets about COVID-19. In Eighth International Conference on English Language and Teaching (ICOELT-8 2020) (pp. 318–325). Atlantis Press.
Bader, L., & Bender, J. (2022). What are “fake news” and “hate speech,” and how do they work in practice? Central and Eastern European eDem and eGov Days, 342, 17–36. https://doi.org/10.24989/ocg.v.342.1
Brianna, D. F., Negara, E. S., & Kunang, Y. N. (2019, October). Network centralization analysis approach in the spread of hoax news on social media. In 2019 International Conference on Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (ICECOS) (pp. 303–308). IEEE.
Candrasari, Y. (2020, March). Mediated interpersonal communication: A new way of social interaction in the digital age. In 2nd International Media Conference 2019 (IMC 2019) (pp. 537–548). Atlantis Press.
Chang, L. Y., & Zhu, J. (2020). Taking justice into their own hands: Predictors of netizenism among cyber citizens in Hong Kong. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 556903.
Chua, A. Y., Cheah, S. M., Goh, D. H. L., & Lim, E. P. (2016). Collective rumor correction on the death hoax of a political figure in social media. AIS.
Deddy Satria, M. (2023). The phenomenon of fake news (hoax) in mass communication: Causes, impacts, and solutions. Open Access Indonesian Journal of Social Sciences, 6(3), 980–988.
Deng, Z., Ma, R., Wu, M., & Evans, R. (2025). Netizens' concerns during COVID-19: A topic evolution analysis of Chinese social media platforms. Kybernetes, 54(2), 1109–1127.
Dorigné-Thomson, C., & Lin, J. (2025). Catalyzing ASEAN-Africa relations and South-South cooperation.
Faizah, N. (2020). Hoax, millennial generation, and social media in the Indonesian democratic circle. 01. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.1-10-2019.2291695
Farhan, B. (2020). Social media: Between information and manipulation. Gema Press.
Fauzan, A. (2020). Analysis of hoaxes and their impacts. Gramedia Pustaka.
Filmon, A. F., Senduk, J. J., & Waleleng, G. (2019). Analysis of Facebook hoax news on community behavior in Paniki II Village, Mapanget District, Manado City. Acta Diurna Komunikasi, 1(4), 1–17.
Gao, D., & Fu, Z. (2023). Internet media and universal trust: An analysis of the impact on the psychology of social interaction among Chinese netizens. American Journal of Health Behavior, 47(1), 47–54.
Gao, D., & Wang, Z. (2017, December). Research on social representation of network hot words in the digital era. In 2017 World Conference on Management Science and Human Social Development (MSHSD 2017) (pp. 424–429). Atlantis Press.
Gao, S. (2022). The online activism of mock translanguaging: Language style, celebrity persona, and social class in China. Discourse, Context & Media, 47, 100608.
Gill, K. S. (2013). Citizens and netizens: A contemplation on ubiquitous technology. AI & SOCIETY, 28(2), 131–132.
Gunawan, E. (2021). The role of digital literacy in preventing hoaxes. Bintang Ilmu.
Halim, F. (2021). The power of information in the digital era. Citra Pustaka.
Hani, N. L. (2021, December). Netizens' reaction to the garbage prank case: Forensic linguistic perspective analysis. In 4th International Conference on Language, Literature, and Education (ICLLE-4 2021) (pp. 198–203). Atlantis Press.
Hartanto, H., Subandi, S., & Pavlova, O. (2020). Progressive view on social justice: Netizen opinions about social justice warrior. Psychohumaniora: Journal of Psychological Research, 5(1), 107–120.
Hartono, K. (2019). Social media and its influence. Nusantara Literacy.
Hendrawan, L. (2020). Social psychology in the digital era. Mata Ilmu.
Hidayat, D. N., Septiawan, Y., Defianty, M., Sufyan, A., & Eviyuliwati, I. (2022). An investigation into netizen comments on Indonesian prominent leaders' Instagram posts and language learning implications. JEELS (Journal of English Education and Linguistics Studies), 9(1), 177–208.
Hidayat, M., & Pratama, I. (2018). Social media and virtual interaction. Scientific Media.
Huda, M. N., Nurmandi, A., Qodir, Z., Sutan, A. J., & Utaminingsih, N. (2022, December). Social Media Role in Supporting Palestinians in the Palestine—Israel Conflict (2021). In International Conference on Sustainable Innovation on Humanities, Education, and Social Sciences (ICOSI-HESS 2022) (pp. 901–913). Atlantis Press.
Hui, Z. (2015, April). Netizens' psychological behavior analysis under information technology background. In 2015 International Conference on Social Science and Technology Education (pp. 353–355). Atlantis Press.
Ikhsano, A., Sutanto, D. F., & Stellarosa, Y. (2023). Communication strategy of the Ministry of Communication and Information Technology in preventing hoax spread on social media. Journal of Communication of the Indonesian Communication Scholars Association, 8(1), 208–216.
Imaroh, Z., Hamzani, A. I., & Aryani, F. D. (2023). Criminal liability for the spread of hoax news on social media. NEM Publisher.
Ismail, Z. (2021). Hoaxes and collective consciousness. Pustaka Ilmu.
Jing, Y., & Jiang, G. (2024). “No man is an island”: How Chinese netizens use deliberate metaphors to provide “depression sufferers” with social support. Digital Health, 10, 20552076241228521.
Juditha, C. (2018). Hoax communication interactivity in social media and anticipation. Pekommas, 3(1), 261723.
Kaliyar, R. K., Fitwe, K., Rajarajeswari, P., & Goswami, A. (2021, April). Classification of hoax/non-hoax news articles on social media using an effective deep neural network. In 2021 5th International Conference on Computing Methodologies and Communication (ICCMC) (pp. 935–941). IEEE.
Kaliyar, R. K., Goswami, A., & Narang, P. (2021). FakeBERT: Fake news detection in social media with a BERT-based deep learning approach. Multimedia Tools and Applications, 80(8), 11765–11788.
Kominfo. (2019). During November 2019, the Ministry of Communication and Information identified 260 hoaxes, total hoaxes since August 2018 becomes 3901. Retrieved January 1, 2023, from https://www.kominfo.go.id/content/detail/23054/siaran-pers-no-217hmkominfo122019-tentang-selama-november-2019-kementerian-kominfo-identifikasi-260-hoaks-total-hoaks-sejak-agustus-2018-menjadi-3901/0/siaran_pers
Kristiyono, J., & Jayanti, O. R. (2017, November). Fake news (hoax) and paranoid frame of mind of social media users. In 3rd International Conference on Transformation in Communications 2017 (IcoTiC 2017) (pp. 41–44). Atlantis Press.
Kumar, S., & Shah, N. (2018). False information on web and social media: A survey. arXiv preprint arXiv:1804.08559.
Kurnia, A. (2022). Public perception of online media hoax news about COVID-19 vaccination in Labuhanbatu Regency (Case Study: Meranti Paham Village). 6(1), 76–98.
Lestari, P. (2019). Social media and social solidarity. Pustaka Mandiri.
Li, Y., Wu, X., & Wang, J. (2022). Netizens' risk perception in new coronary pneumonia public health events: An analysis of spatiotemporal distribution and influencing factors. BMC Public Health, 22(1), 1445.
Lin, X. (2020, August). New features of Chinese network political culture in the social media era. In 2020 4th International Seminar on Education, Management, and Social Sciences (ISEMSS 2020) (pp. 910–913). Atlantis Press.
Liu, B., & Zhao, P. (2021, November). Regional atlas analysis of the extent of concern about telecom fraud. In 7th International Conference on Social Science and Higher Education (ICSSHE 2021) (pp. 490–495). Atlantis Press.
Liu, Z., & Wu, X. (2023). Structural analysis of the evolution mechanism of online public opinion and its development stages based on machine learning and social network analysis. International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems, 16(1), 99.
Lotan, F. F. (2019). Making a positive internet through Socmed Agawe Guyub. 1(1), 9–16.
Luke, C. (2000). What next? Toddler netizens, PlayStation thumb, techno-literacies. Contemporary Issues in Early Childhood, 1(1), 95–100.
Lutfiyah, K. (2020). Hoax and fake news during COVID-19: Is the law effective in overcoming it? The Indonesian Journal of International Clinical Legal Education, 2(3), 345–360.
Marshall, T. C., Lefringhausen, K., & Ferenczi, N. (2015). The Big Five, self-esteem, and narcissism as predictors of the topics people write about in Facebook status updates. Personality and Individual Differences, 85, 35–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2015.04.039
Marwan, M. R., & Ahyad, A. (2016). Analysis of the spread of hoax news in Indonesia. Department of Communication Science, Faculty of Communication Science, Gunadarma University, 5(1), 1–16.
Muhid, A., Hadi, M., Fanani, A., Arifin, A., & Hanif, A. (2019, November). The effect of hate speech exposure on religious intolerance among Indonesian Muslim teenagers. In 2019 Ahmad Dahlan International Conference Series on Education & Learning, Social Science & Humanities (ADICS-ELSSH 2019) (pp. 39–44). Atlantis Press.
Mustafa, S., Zhang, W., & Naveed, M. M. (2023). What motivates online community contributors to contribute consistently? A case study on Stackoverflow netizens. Current Psychology, 42(13), 10468–10481.
Nugroho, R. (2020). Social media statistics. Data Press.
Olan, F., Jayawickrama, U., Arakpogun, E. O., Suklan, J., & Liu, S. (2024). Fake news on social media: The impact on society. Information Systems Frontiers, 26(2), 443–458.
Park, K., & Rim, H. (2020). “Click first!”: The effects of instant activism via a hoax on social media. Social Media + Society, 6(2), 2056305120904706.
Pinem, Y. A. (2018). Encouraging healthy literacy: The interconnection of reading toward writing on social media. Language in the Online & Offline World, 6: The Fortitude, 360.
Pranesti, D. A., & Arifin, R. (2019). Protection of victims in cases of the spread of hoax news on social media in Indonesia. Media Bhakti Law Journal.
Pratiwi, L. N., & Cangara, H. (2021, September). Netizens' responses to a famous Indonesian Youtuber video of changing religious beliefs on YouTube social media. In 2nd International Conference on Science, Technology, and Modern Society (ICSTMS 2020) (pp. 248–253). Atlantis Press.
Prayogi, I. A. (2019, July). Media convergence in welcoming industrial era 4.0. In Book of Abstracts (Vol. 62).
Purwaningrum, P. W., Saifullah, A. R., & Sudana, D. (2021, April). Covid-19 memes in social media Instagram. In Thirteenth Conference on Applied Linguistics (CONAPLIN 2020) (pp. 414–421). Atlantis Press.
Putra, D. (2020). Hoaxes and social movements. Bintang Pustaka.
Putri, A., & Kurniawan, B. (2020). Social media: Between information and relations. Cahaya Ilmu.
Putri, F. J. S., & Ardyanto, D. T. (2022, December). The difference between freedom of speech and outrageous opinion is based on netizens' behavior. In International Conference for Democracy and National Resilience 2022 (ICDNR 2022) (pp. 41–46). Atlantis Press.
Qorib, F., Dewi, S. I., & Aminulloh, A. (2021, November). From mass panic to social recovery: A review on Indonesian netizens dealing with COVID-19. In 3rd Jogjakarta Communication Conference (JCC 2021) (pp. 73–78). Atlantis Press.
Rahmawati, S. (2021). The impact of hoaxes on social media. Pustaka Media.
Rizky, T. (2021). Hoaxes and public opinion. Mata Pena.
Rocha, Y. M., De Moura, G. A., Desidério, G. A., De Oliveira, C. H., Lourenço, F. D., & De
Figueiredo Nicolete, L. D. (2021). The impact of fake news on social media and its influence on health during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review. Journal of Public Health, 1–10.
Rosen, G. (2014). It is morally responsible for. 1–19.
Saefudin, I., Iqbal, M., & Fitrananda, C. A. (2022). Disaster mitigation communication pattern of West Java Province of Social Services during the COVID-19 pandemic. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal), 4(4), 9412–9421.
Sanglee, T. (2025). Doubt and dissent: Thai nationalist views on the Thailand-Cambodia maritime dispute.
Santoso, I., Yohansen, I., Warnars, H. L. H. S., & Hashimoto, K. (2017, November). Early investigation of proposed hoax detection for reducing hoaxes in social media. In 2017 IEEE International Conference on Cybernetics and Computational Intelligence (CyberneticsCom) (pp. 175–179). IEEE.
Saputra, G. (2021). Digital literacy and hoaxes. Bintang Ilmu.
Saragih, J. (2019). The power of social media in changing perception. Citra Ilmu.
Sari, M., & Ahmad, N. (2021). Social media usage statistics. Data Press.
Setiawan, R. (2020). Hoaxes and information manipulation. Scientific Library.
Setyawan, I. (2020). Factors causing the spread of hoax news via social media in village communities. Electronic Research Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2, 223–231.
Shahsavari, S., Holur, P., Wang, T., Tangherlini, T. R., & Roychowdhury, V. (2020). Conspiracy in the time of Corona: Automatic detection of emerging COVID-19 conspiracy theories in social media and the news. Journal of Computational Social Science, 3(2), 279–317.
Shinta, A., & Daihani, D. U. (2019). Human resource quality development to strengthen national alertness. Proceedings of the National Seminar …, 1, 388–398. https://semnaslppm.ump.ac.id/index.php/semnaslppm/article/view/65
Sirajuddin, M., Kamil, S. U. R., & Fachruddin, S. (2017, October). War 3.0: The Indonesian challenge against hoaxes, hate speech, and social media abuse. In Unhas International Conference on Social and Political Science (UICoSP 2017) (pp. 88–90). Atlantis Press.
Susanto, B. (2020). Hoaxes and social concern. Media Literasi.
Suyanto, T., Zen, I. M., Prasetyo, K., Isbandono, P., Gamaputra, G., & Purba, I. P. (2018). The study perception of social sciences and law students faculty for hoaxes in social media. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Vol. 953, No. 1, p. 012151). IOP Publishing.
Suying, D. L. (2022). Deepfakes and disinformation in Asia. In Deep Fakes (pp. 23–49). Routledge.
Syaifullah, I. (2018). Hoax phenomenon on social media in the perspective of hermeneutics of thesis. Thesis, 1–82.
Syaputri, W., Septianasari, L., Retnawati, S., & Kasriyati, D. (2021, March). Internet (social media) and its relationship with hoax and fake news in the 2019 presidential election. In 1st Paris Van Java International Seminar on Health, Economics, Social Science, and Humanities (PVJ-ISHESSH 2020) (pp. 720–723). Atlantis Press.
Tai, Q., & Truex, R. (2015). Public opinion towards return migration: A survey experiment of Chinese netizens. The China Quarterly, 223, 770–786.
Tammam, A. G., Sucipto, S., & Indriati, R. (2018). Hoax detection at social media with text mining clarification system based. JIPI (Scientific Journal of Informatics Research and Learning), 3(2), 94–100.
Tchakounté, F., Calvin, K. A., Ari, A. A. A., & Mbogne, D. J. F. (2022). A smart contract logic to reduce hoax propagation across social media. Journal of King Saud University-Computer and Information Sciences, 34(6), 3070–3078.
Ulfa, N., Suadnya, W., & Khusnia, H. N. (2019). Crisis management of North Lombok District government public relations during the Lombok earthquake in 2018. Journal of Media and Communication Science, 2(2), 97–115.
Virga, R. L., & Andriadi, N. (2019, August). Digital literacy and hoax on social media. In 1st Annual International Conference on Social Sciences and Humanities (AICOSH 2019) (pp. 175–179). Atlantis Press.
Wahyono, S. B., Wirasti, M. K., & Ratmono, B. M. (2020). Audience reception of hoax information on social media in the post-truth era. Indonesian Journal of Communication, 9(2), 7.
Wang, L., & Zhong, Q. (2019). Research on the structures and features of netizens' demand for popular science: A search data perspective. Cultures of Science, 2(2), 129–150.
Wang, W., & Fang, F. G. (2019). Chinese netizens' reactions to the use of English as a lingua franca. English Today, 35(4), 3–12.
Widiastuti, N., Rachmiatie, A., Hidayat, D., & Aquarista, R. (n.d.). Millennial Bandung, Indonesia views hoaxes on social media. European Proceedings of Social and Behavioral Sciences.
Wijaya, E. (2020). The digital era and social media. Gema Press.
Wong, S. H. W., & Liang, J. (2023). Attraction or distraction? Impacts of pro-regime social media comments on Chinese netizens. Political Behavior, 45(3), 1071–1095.
Xiang, Y. (2019). User-generated news: Netizen journalism in China in the age of short videos. Global Media and China, 4(1), 52–71.
Xu, L. (2013, July). A probe into the impact of mass media on public policy. In 2nd International Conference on Science and Social Research (ICSSR 2013) (pp. 780–783). Atlantis Press.
Xu, L., Liu, J., Kim, J., & Chon, M. G. (2021). Are Chinese netizens willing to speak out? The spiral of silence in public reactions to controversial food safety issues on social media. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(24), 13114.
Yan, K., & Yang, Y. (2024). Rethinking two-way socialization: Cultural governance on Chinese social media platforms. Journal of Current Chinese Affairs, 18681026241240074.
Yunita, V., & Rachman, A. (2021). Hoaxes and social participation. Cahaya Pustaka.
Yusuf, Q. (2021). Social media and hoaxes. Pustaka Media.
Zeng, Y., & Wong, S. H. W. (2023). Social media, fear, and support for state surveillance: The case of China's social credit system. China Information, 37(1), 51–74.
Zhou, H., & Pan, Q. (2016). Information, community, and action on Sina-Weibo: How Chinese philanthropic NGOs use social media. Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Non-profit Organizations, 27, 2433–2457.
Zulkarnaen, I. (2020). Social criticism through social media. Citra Pustaka.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Siti Faoziyah Alawiyah Ziyah
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
