PENATAAN RUANG SEBAGAI ARENA KUASA: ANALISIS KRITIS PEMBANGUNAN TPA BINUANG
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22437/jisipunja.v10i1.54166Keywords:
Penataan Ruang, Ekologi Politik, Ketimpangan Spasial, Kawasan PinggiranAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis praktik penataan ruang Tempat Pembuangan Akhir (TPA) Binuang di Desa Paku, Kabupaten Polewali Mandar, sebagai manifestasi relasi kuasa dalam tata kelola lingkungan. Penetapan lokasi TPA yang diarahkan untuk menunjang sistem pengelolaan sampah perkotaan pada kenyataannya memunculkan ketimpangan sosial-ekologis yang cukup signifikan bagi masyarakat lokal di kawasan pinggiran. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan paradigma kritis serta desain studi kasus eksplanatoris. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui analisis dokumen kebijakan, pemetaan spasial, dan kajian literatur, yang selanjutnya dianalisis secara tematik dengan mengacu pada kerangka ekologi politik dan teori produksi ruang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses penentuan lokasi TPA Binuang didominasi oleh aktor negara yang mengedepankan rasionalitas teknokratis melalui mekanisme pengambilan keputusan yang bersifat top-down, dengan tingkat keterlibatan masyarakat terdampak yang sangat terbatas. Praktik penataan ruang tersebut berimplikasi pada reproduksi eksklusi spasial, di mana wilayah Desa Paku dikonstruksikan sebagai ruang penampung eksternalitas pembangunan perkotaan, sementara beban pencemaran serta kerugian sosial-ekologis ditanggung oleh komunitas lokal. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa persoalan TPA Binuang tidak hanya berkaitan dengan aspek teknis pengelolaan sampah, tetapi juga merefleksikan ketimpangan relasi kuasa dalam tata kelola ruang dan lingkungan.
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