RANCANG BANGUN MESIN PULTRUSION UNTUK PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH BOTOL PLASTIK POLYETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATE (PET) MENJADI FILAMENT 3D PRINTER
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22437/jop.v11i2.52962Keywords:
Compound Gear, Filamen 3D Printer, Perpindahan Panas, Polyethylene terephtalathe, PultrusionAbstract
Akumulasi limbah botol plastik polyethylene terephthalate (PET) yang terus meningkat belum diimbangi dengan teknologi konversi yang efisien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang mesin pultrusi sebagai solusi rekayasa dalam mengonversi limbah PET menjadi filament printer 3D. Mesin ini mengintegrasikan mikrokontroler Arduino dengan sensor thermocouple MAX6675, cartridge heater, dan motor stepper yang dilengkapi transmisi compound gear untuk optimasi torsi penarikan. Metode pengujian dilakukan melalui variasi kecepatan penarikan pada temperatur konstan 205 °C untuk mengevaluasi karakteristik fisik filament. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi operasi optimum dicapai pada kecepatan 45 RPM, yang menghasilkan filament dengan diameter seragam 1,73 mm, permukaan halus, dan tampilan mengilap. Pada kondisi ini, waktu konversi rata-rata adalah 23 menit per botol PET (1,5 L), dengan estimasi kebutuhan 63 botol untuk menghasilkan 1 kg filament. Sebaliknya, peningkatan kecepatan di atas 45 RPM menyebabkan penurunan kualitas dimensi akibat proses solidifikasi yang tidak sempurna. Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa sinkronisasi torsi mekanik dan kendali termal yang presisi mampu menghasilkan filament daur ulang berkualitas tinggi yang memenuhi standar bahan baku printer 3D.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Rady Purbakawaca, Mustain Bilah , Rahmat Wijaya , Angga Setiawan, Irwan Mustajab
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