Formulation and Characterization of Microencapsules Containing Ethanol Extract of Sungkai Leaves (Peronema canescens Jack)

Authors

  • Indra Lasmana Tarigan Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Jambi, Indonesia
  • Farah Farah Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Jamb, Indonesia
  • Ratih Dyah Puspitasari Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Jambi, Indonesia
  • Siti Munirah Saharin Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Malaysia
  • Madyawati Latief Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Jambi, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22437/chp.v9i1.43042

Keywords:

Coating agent, microencapsulation, ethanol extract, Sungkai

Abstract

The Sungkai plant (Peronema canescens Jack) is a widely recognized medicinal plant in Indonesia, with its leaves recently gaining attention for their potential health benefits. This study explores the microencapsulation of ethanol extract from Sungkai leaves using three different coating materials—maltodextrin, inulin, and Arabic gum—at varying concentrations. The aim of this study was to identify the optimal microencapsulation formulation using these materials. Microencapsulation was performed using the extrusion method, and the best formulation was characterized by evaluating its physicochemical properties, morphology, and infrared (IR) spectrum. Antioxidant activity was measured using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The results showed that microencapsulant formulation A1 exhibited superior physicochemical properties compared to other formulations. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of sample A1 revealed a smooth surface with a slightly rounded shape and minimal wall folds or cracks, suggesting good stability. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) analysis confirmed effective encapsulation of the ethanol extract. While the crude extract demonstrated the highest antioxidant activity, microencapsulation slightly reduced this activity. Among the microencapsulated samples, formulation A1 (using Arabic gum) retained the most antioxidant potential. In conclusion, formulation A1, utilizing Arabic gum as the coating material, was found to be the optimal microencapsulation formulation for the ethanol extract of Sungkai leaves.

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Author Biographies

Indra Lasmana Tarigan, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Jambi, Indonesia

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Jambi, Indonesia

Farah Farah, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Jamb, Indonesia

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Jambi, Indonesia

Ratih Dyah Puspitasari, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Jambi, Indonesia

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Jambi, Indonesia

Siti Munirah Saharin, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Malaysia

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Malaysia

Madyawati Latief, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Jambi, Indonesia

1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Jambi

2Natural Product and Bioactive Compound Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Jambi

 

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Published

2025-06-01 — Updated on 2026-01-20

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How to Cite

Tarigan, I. L., Farah, F., Puspitasari, R. D., Saharin, S. M., & Latief, M. (2026). Formulation and Characterization of Microencapsules Containing Ethanol Extract of Sungkai Leaves (Peronema canescens Jack). Chempublish Journal, 9(1), 100–119. https://doi.org/10.22437/chp.v9i1.43042 (Original work published June 1, 2025)

Issue

Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025): Chempublish Journal

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Articles