Pelanggaran Prinsip Kesantunan Berbahasa dalam Film Bekas 2012: Kajian Pragmatik
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22437/kalistra.v5i2.55038Keywords:
Politeness in Language, Maxim, Film Bekas 2012, PragmaticsAbstract
Politeness in language is a crucial aspect of maintaining harmony in social interactions, yet in practice it is often violated, particularly in conflict situations. This study aims to describe the forms of violations of politeness principles in the film *Bekas* (2012) by Karzan Kader based on Geoffrey Leech’s theory. The method used is qualitative descriptive with documentation techniques through repeated viewings, dialogue recording, and discourse context analysis. The results show that the most dominant violations occur in the maxims of respect and sympathy, characterized by the use of insults, derogatory remarks, and threats. Violations were also found in the maxims of politeness, modesty, and agreement to a limited extent. These findings indicate that violations of politeness are influenced by social pressure, the psychological state of the characters, and conflict situations, thereby underscoring the importance of linguistic politeness in maintaining the quality of social interaction.
Abstrak
Kesantunan berbahasa merupakan aspek penting dalam menjaga keharmonisan interaksi sosial, namun dalam praktiknya sering mengalami pelanggaran, khususnya dalam situasi konflik. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan bentuk pelanggaran prinsip kesantunan dalam film Bekas (2012) karya Karzan Kader berdasarkan teori Geoffrey Leech. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik dokumentasi melalui penayangan berulang, pencatatan dialog, dan analisis konteks tuturan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelanggaran paling dominan terjadi pada maksim penghargaan dan kesimpatian, yang ditandai oleh penggunaan ujaran berupa cacian, hinaan, dan ancaman. Pelanggaran juga ditemukan pada maksim kebijaksanaan, kesederhanaan, dan permufakatan dalam jumlah terbatas. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa pelanggaran kesantunan dipengaruhi oleh tekanan sosial, kondisi psikologis tokoh, serta situasi konflik, sehingga menegaskan pentingnya kesantunan berbahasa dalam menjaga kualitas interaksi sosial.
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