TRANSFER PRICING AND COMPANY CHARACTERISTICS IN EXPLAINING TAX AVOIDANCE: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE IN MANUFACTURING COMPANIES IN THE FOOD AND BEVERAGE SUB-SECTOR
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22437/jmk.v15i01.53393Abstract
This study examines how 2tax avoidance among food and beverage manufacturing businesses listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange between 2020 - 2024 is impacted by transfer pricing and company characteristics, particularly company size, leverage, and profitability. The study uses secondary data from annual financial reports obtained from the Indonesia Stock Exchange and employs a quantitative panel data regression methodology. Purposive sampling was used to choose the sample, and 60 observations were obtained. EViews 12 software was used to analyze the data. The results show that while transfer pricing and leverage have no discernible impact on tax avoidance, company size and profitability do. These findings highlight the need for improved tax oversight, as businesses with greater scale and profitability are more likely to engage in tax avoidance.
Downloads
References
Adiguna, S., & Ritonga, F. (2024). The Effect of Transfer Pricing and Profitability on Tax Avoidance Empirical Study in Industrial Sector Companies. Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi Kesatuan (JIAKES), 12(3), 421–430. https://doi.org/10.37641/jiakes.v12i3/2718
Alexander, N. (2024). Determinants of Transfer Pricing Decisions and Its Impact on Tax Avoidance. Jurnal Riset Dan Keuangan Indonesia, 9(2), 200–206. https://doi.org/http://journals.ums.ac.id/index.php/reaksi/index
Armstrong, C. S., Blouin, J. L., Jagolinzer, A. D., & Larcker, D. F. (2015). Corporate governance, incentives, and tax avoidance. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 60(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacceco.2025.02.003
Baltagi, B. H. (2021). Econometric Analysis of Panel Data. Department of Economics and The Center for Policy Research. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53953-5
Darwin, M., Mamondol, M. R., Sormin, S. A., Nurhayati, Y., Tambunan, H., Sylvia, D., Adnyana, I. M. D. M., Prasetiyo, B., Vianitati, P., & Gebang, A. A. (2021). Metode Penelitian Pendekatan Kuantitatif (T. S. Tambunan (ed.)). Media Sains Indonesia.
Dewinta, I. A. R., & Ery, S. P. (2016). Pengaruh Ukuran Perusahaan, Umur Perusahaan, Profitabilitas, Leverage, Dan Pertumbuhan Penjualan Terhadap Tax Avoidance. E-Jurnal Akuntansi Universitas Udayana, 14(3), 1584–1613.
Dyreng, S. D., Hanlon, M., & Maydew, E. L. (2007). Long-Run Corporate Tax Avoidance. The Accounting Review, 83(1), 1–38.
Ernawati, S., Chandrarin, G., Respati, H., & Asyikin, J. (2021). The Effect of Profitability , Leverage and Company Size on Tax Avoidance through Earnings Management Practices in Go Public Manufacturing Companies in Indonesia. East African Scholars Journal of Economics, Business and Management, 4(7), 162–176. https://doi.org/10.36349/easjebm.2021.v04i07.004
Fitriani, R., & Taqi, M. (2024). The Influence of Profit Management , Transfer Pricing , and Capital Intensity on Tax Avoidance with Company Size as A Moderation Variable. Islamic Capital Market, 2(1), 1–15.
Hanlon, M., & Heitzman, S. (2010). A review of tax research. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 50(2–3), 127–178. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacceco.2010.09.002
Hervin, J. R. P., & Sabaruddin. (2025). The Effect Of Company Size , Transfer Pricing , And Debt Costs On Tax Avoidance Moderated By Accounting Policy (Study On Manufacturing Companies In Food And Beverage Industry Listed On Indonesia Stock Exchange For The Period 2021-2023). Juenal Ilmiah Ekonomi Dan Bisnis, 13(3), 2553–2566.
Jensen, M. C., & Meckling, W. H. (1976). Theory of the Firm : Managerial Behavior , Agency Costs and Ownership Structure Theory of the Firm : Managerial Behavior , Agency Costs and Ownership Structure. Jurnal Of Financial Economics, 3(4), 305–360.
Kurniasih, T., & Sari, M. M. R. (2013). Pengaruh Return On Assets , Leverage , Corporate Governance , Ukuran Perusahaan Dan Kompensasi Rugi Fiskal Pada Tax Avoidance. Buletin Studi Ekonomi, 18(1), 58–66.
Laksono, R., & Purnamasari, D. (2025). Tax Avoidance in Mining Sector ( Coal Production ) Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange ( 2019-2023 ): The Effect of Transfer Pricing and Profitability. Jurnal Ekonomi & Ekonomi Syariah, 8(2), 1180–1195. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.36778/jesya.v8i2.2126
Masitoh, S., & Kusumah, R. W. R. (2025). The Effect of Transfer Pricing and Leverage on Tax Avoidance with Independent Commissioners as Moderation. International Journal of Economics and Management Research, 4(3), 914–927.
Mukhtaruddin, Tanujaya, J., & Kalsum, U. (2024). Transfer Pricing and Tax Avoidance: Evidence from Manufacturing Companies in Indonesia.
Nugroho, D. W., Sunarsih, U., & Zulfiati, L. (2023). The Influence Of Transfer Pricing , Leverage , Profitability , And Earnings Management On Tax Avoidance Moderated By Institutional Ownership (An Empirical Study Of Manufacturing Companies). Pamator, 16(4), 835–848.
OECD. (2023). Corporate Tax Statistics 2023.
Oktavia, R. Z., Ratnawati, V., & Badriyah, N. (2025). The Effect of Transfer Pricing , Capital Intensity , and Firm Size on Tax Avoidance ( Empirical Study on Mining Sector Companies Listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange in 2021-2023 ). International Journal of Multidisciplinary on Science and Management, 2(2), 187–200. https://doi.org/10.71141/30485037/V2I2P118
Oneng, M. Y., Muliati, Pakawaru, M. I., & Tanra, A. A. M. (2025). Pengaruh Likuiditas , Leverage , Ukuran Perusahaan , Dan Kepemilikan Manajerial Terhadap Manajemen Laba Dengan Financial Distress Sebagai Variabel Mediasi ( Survei Pada Perusahaan Pertambangan Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2019-2023 ). Jurnal Maneksi (Manegement Ekonomi Dan Akuntansi), 14(3), 1147–1164.
Pangaribuan, H., Hb, J. F., Agoes, S., Sihombing, J., & Sunarsi, D. (2021). The Financial Perspective Study on Tax Avoidance. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Jurnal (BIRCI-Jurnal), 4(3), 4998–5009.
Parwati, N. M. S., Totanan, C., Mapparessa, N., Ainil, A., Tandra, M., Amirah, Kusuma, I. M. A., & Indah, N. L. D. S. (2025). Tax Aggressiveness: Financial Statement Aggressiveness And Managerial Ownership In Banking Companies In Indonesia. Jurnal Studia Akuntansi Dan Bisnis, 13(1), 59–70.
Pratiwi, S. A. D., & Fauzan. (2025). The Effect Of Leverage, Financial Distress, And Transfer Pricing On Tax Avoidance ( Empirical Study On Energy Sector Manufacturing Companies Listed On The Indonesia Stock Exchange For The 2018–2022 Period). Indonesian Interdisciplinary Journal of Sharia Economics (IIJSE), 8(1), 1594–1612.
Puspitasari, D., & Munari. (2024). The Influence Of Profitability And Leverage On Tax Avoidance With Transfer Pricing As A Moderating Variable (Mining Sector Companies Listed On Idx 2019-2023). Jurnal Akuntansi, Audit Dan Sistem Informasi Akuntansi (JASa), 8(2), 458–469. https://doi.org/10.36555/jasa.v8i2.2606
Qomaria, N., & Abbas, D. S. (2024). The Effect Of Transfer Pricing , Thin Capitalization And Capital Intensity On Tax Avoidance With Sales Growth As Moderating VariablE. Simposium Ilmiah Akuntansi 5, 337–348.
Ramadhina, P. A., Hasanah, N., & Muliasari, I. (2023). The Effect Of Transfer Pricing , Sales Growth , And Inventory Intensity On Tax Avoidance In Food And Beverage Companies The Effect Of Transfer Pricing , Sales Growth ,. Management and Tecnology, 1(3), 143–153.
Richardson, G., & Lanis, R. (2007). Determinants of the variability in corporate effective tax rates and tax reform: Evidence from Australia. Journal of Accounting and Public Policy, 26(6), 689–704.
Rizki, M., & Nugroho, L. (2024). How Institusional and Manajerial Ownership , Transfer Pricing and Company Size Affect Tax Avoidance ? Economic and Business Horizon, 3(2), 71–83.
Sikka, P., & Willmott, H. (2010). The Dark Side of Transfer Pricing: Its Role in Tax Avoidance and Wealth Retentiveness. Centre for Global Accountability, 1–43.
Sugiono. (2013). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D (19th ed.). ALFABETA, cv.
Suherman, A. R. M. P., & Murtanto. (2024). The Effect Of Transfer Pricing, Leverage, And Capital Intensity On Tax Avoidance. International Journal of Accounting, Management, Economics and Social Sciences (IJAMESC), 2(5), 1802–1815. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.61990/ijamesc.v2i5.295
Suhermanto, P. A., & Mardjono, E. S. (2025). Penghindaran Pajak Dilihat Dari Sisi Transfer Pricing, Return On Asset, dan Ukuran Perusahaan. Jurnal Kajian Akuntansi Dan Bisnis Terkini, 6(1), 1–13.
Swingly, C., & Sukartha, I. M. (2015). Pengaruh Karakter Eksekutif , Komite Audit , Ukuran Perusahaan , Leverage Dan Sales Growth Pada Tax Avoidance. E-Jurnal Akuntansi Universitas Udayana, 10(1), 47–62.
Watts, R. L., & Zimmerman, J. L. (1990). Positive Accounting Theory: A Ten Year Perspective. The Accounting Review, 65(1), 131–156.
Wooldridge, J. M. (2010). Econometric Analysis of Cross Section and Panel Data.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Rosmadina Rosmadina, Muhammad Ilham Pakkawaru, Ni Made Suwitri Pratiwi, Yuldi Mile, Rika Febby Rhamadhani

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.



