Peran Moderasi Ketidaksetaraan Gender pada Pengaruh Pendidikan dan Kesehatan terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi di Negara Berkembang Asia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22437/jpe.v20i2.47491Kata Kunci:
developing countries, economic growth, gender equality, human capital, panel dataAbstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran moderasi ketidaksetaraan gender pada pengaruh pendidikan dan kesehatan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di negara-negara berkembang Asia. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan data panel dari 32 negara selama periode 2014-2023 dan di analisis dengan Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). Variabel penelitian meliputi rata-rata lama sekolah (RLS) untuk pendidikan, angka harapan hidup (AHH) untuk kesehatan, Indeks Ketidaksetaraan Gender (GII) sebagai variabel moderasi, dan PDB per kapita untuk pertumbuhan ekonomi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa RLS dan AHH secara parsial maupun simultan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap PDB per kapita. Lebih lanjut, GII tidak terbukti memoderasi pengaruh RLS terhadap PDB per kapita, namun secara signifikan memoderasi pengaruh AHH terhadap PDB per kapita. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa efektivitas peningkatan kesehatan dalam mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi dipengaruhi oleh tingkat kesetaraan gender.
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