Body Image and Masculinity in Male Breast Cancer Patients: Implications for Nursing Care

Alexander Alexander

doi:10.22437/jkuj.v9i3.48031

Penulis

Alexander Alexander Faculty of Nursing, University of Sumatera Utara

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22437/jkuj.v9i3.48031

Kata Kunci:

Kanker payudara pria, Gambar diri, Maskulinitas, Keperawatan Onkologi

Abstrak

Kanker payudara pada pria (MBC) merupakan kondisi langka namun kurang mendapat perhatian dalam bidang keperawatan onkologi, terutama terkait citra tubuh dan maskulinitas. Studi kualitatif ini mengeksplorasi bagaimana pria dengan kanker payudara di Medan, Indonesia, memahami perubahan tubuh, maskulinitas, dan kebutuhan perawatan. Kami melakukan wawancara mendalam dengan 14 pasien MBC dewasa (pasca operasi atau sedang menjalani terapi sistemik) di pusat perawatan tersier dan lingkungan dukungan komunitas. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis tematik reflektif. Tiga tema muncul: (1) “Bekas luka yang mempertanyakan kejantanan” (keprihatinan penampilan, simbolisme mastektomi, harga diri seksual), (2) “Antara pita pink dan identitas biru” (stigma, ruang yang tidak sesuai gender, penundaan mencari bantuan), dan (3) “Bagaimana perawatan keperawatan seharusnya untuk pria” (pendidikan sensitif gender, keterlibatan pasangan, pengelolaan gejala mandiri). Peserta menggambarkan ketegangan antara idealisme maskulinitas hegemonik dan pengalaman bertahan hidup, yang memengaruhi pengungkapan, kepatuhan, dan kualitas hidup. Temuan menyarankan integrasi penilaian citra tubuh yang responsif gender, pendidikan yang disesuaikan (misalnya, konseling efek samping tamoxifen), dan perawatan pendukung yang berfokus pada pasangan. Hasil ini memberikan wawasan bagi praktik dan kebijakan, mengatasi subpopulasi yang terabaikan dalam keperawatan onkologi.

Unduhan

Data unduhan belum tersedia.

Referensi

1. Abboah-Offei, M., Boateng, D., Forkuor, J.B. and Osei, M., 2024. Masculinity, stigma, and help-seeking among male breast cancer survivors: a qualitative exploration. Psycho-Oncology, 33(2), pp.210–219.

2. Anderson, J. and Chen, L., 2023. Designing inclusive cancer care spaces: A gender-sensitive approach. Journal of Oncology Nursing, 27(4), pp.145–153.

3. Azhar, F., Pratama, R., Nugraha, Y. and Widjaja, S., 2025. Epidemiological trends of male breast cancer in Indonesia: A multicenter study. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 26(3), pp.765–772.

4. Braun, V. and Clarke, V., 2021. To saturate or not to saturate? Questioning data saturation as a useful concept for thematic analysis and sample-size rationales. Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health, 13(2), pp.201–216.

5. Brown, S., 2022. Gender symbolism in cancer care: The case of breast cancer. Health Sociology Review, 31(1), pp.56–70.

6. Byrne, L., 2022. Patient identity and stigma in oncology settings: Rethinking care environments. Sociology of Health & Illness, 44(3), pp.377–392.

7. ESMO, 2025. Clinical practice guidelines: Male breast cancer. Annals of Oncology, 36(1), pp.1–15.

8. Guarinoni, M., Esposito, A., Conti, A. and Taverna, L., 2024. Body image and masculinity in male breast cancer patients: A metasynthesis. European Journal of Oncology Nursing, 62, p.102235.

9. Hassett, M.J., Somerfield, M.R., Baker, E.R. and Hayes, D.F., 2020. Management of male breast cancer: ASCO guideline. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 38(16), pp.1849–1863.

10. Hemming, L., Evans, R., Shaw, J. and Thomas, S., 2024. The role of peer support in cancer survivorship: A systematic review. Supportive Care in Cancer, 32(5), pp.2157–2170.

11. Jamil, N., 2025. Psychosocial interventions for male breast cancer: Gaps and opportunities. BMC Nursing, 24(1), p.54.

12. Jewkes, R., Morrell, R., Hearn, J., Lundqvist, E., Blackbeard, D., Lindegger, G., Quayle, M., Sikweyiya, Y. and Gottzén, L., 2015. Hegemonic masculinity: Combining theory and practice in gender interventions. Culture, Health & Sexuality, 17(sup2), pp.S112–S127.

13. Khare, A., Singh, R. and Yadav, A., 2024. Male breast cancer: Current trends and management. International Journal of Cancer Research, 20(3), pp.145–152.

14. NCI (National Cancer Institute), 2025. Male breast cancer treatment (PDQ®)–Health professional version. Available at: https://www.cancer.gov/types/breast/hp/male-breast-treatment-pdq [Accessed 27 August 2025].

15. ONS (Oncology Nursing Society), 2018/2025. Oncology nursing and gender inclusivity in patient education. ONS Guidelines. Available at: https://www.ons.org [Accessed 27 August 2025].

16. Peer2Me, 2025. Peer mentoring in male breast cancer survivorship. Peer2Me Initiative Report. Available at: https://www.peer2me.org/reports [Accessed 27 August 2025].

17. Ter-Zakarian, A., Al-Khalaf, M., Omar, S. and Lee, J., 2025. Male breast cancer: A global systematic review of clinical and psychosocial outcomes. The Lancet Oncology, 26(7), pp.925–937.

18. Timur, A. and Al-Kandari, H., 2024. Ghosting and discontinuity in intimate relationships: Impacts on psychological well-being. Journal of Mental Health, 33(2), pp.142–150.

19. Zhao, L., 2025. Hormone receptor status and prognosis in male breast cancer: A SEER-based analysis. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 192(2), pp.367–375.