Sistem Enkapsulasi Maltodekstrin-Kitosan pada Ekstrak Kulit Kakao (Theobroma cacao Linn.) yang Ramah Lingkungan untuk Inhibisi Korosi pada Baja dalam Media Korosif
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22437/chp.v9i2.46697Kata Kunci:
Cocoa husk extract, Corosion inhibitor, corrosive media, encapsulationAbstrak
Kerusakan akibat korosi dapat mengakibatkan pencemaran lingkungan, kerusakan habitat, dan penipisan sumber daya. Kebocoran, tumpahan, dan emisi dari peralatan dan material yang terkorosi dapat mencemari tanah, badan air, dan udara, yang mengakibatkan dampak buruk pada ekosistem dan kesehatan manusia. Baja adalah salah satu material banyak digunakan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari dalam berbagai aplikasi, seperti industri dan manufaktur. Akan tetapi, baja sangat mudah mengalami korosi terutama dalam lingkungan korosif yang berdampak besar pada segi ekonomi, lingkungan hingga keamanan manusia. Upaya pencegahan korosi dengan pemanfaatan ekstrak bahan alam salah satunya yaitu ekstrak kulit kakao (Theobroma cacao Linn.) yang dilindungi menggunakan metode enkapsulasi. Proses enkapsulasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan penyalut maltodekstrin dan kitosan. Formulasi terbaik yang dihasilkan pada penelitian ini adalah perbandingan maltodekstrin : kitosan (8:2). Formulasi enkapsul terbaik selanjutnya digunakan sebagai inhibitor korosi pada baja dalam larutan asam sulfat 0,75 M, air laut dan air gambut. Penentuan efisiensi inhibisi baja dilakukan menggunakan metode kehilangan berat dengan variasi konsentrasi dan waktu perendaman. Untuk memperkuat hasil penelitian, dilakukan karakterisasi Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) untuk mengidentifikasi gugus fungsi yang terdapat dalam enkapsul ekstrak ekstrak kulit kakao (Theobroma cacao Linn.) dan karakterisasi Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) untuk mengetahui morfologi permukaan baja lunak sebelum dan sesudah perendaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan efisiensi inhibisi baja menggunakan inhibitor enkapsul ekstrak kulit kakao (Theobroma cacao Linn.) yang direndam dalam media korosi asam sulfat 0,75 M, air laut dan air gambut meningkat seiring dengan peningkatan konsentrasi inhibitor dan dan mengalami penurunan seiring bertambahnya waktu perendaman. Efisiensi inhibisi baja terbaik yakni dalam perendaman air gambut selama 1 hari dengan konsentrasi 2,5 g/L yaitu 94,07%.
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