Faktor Risiko Helminthiasis pada Domba di Kecamatan Panjatan, Kabupaten Kulon Progo, Provinsi D.I. Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Risk Factors associated with Helminthiasis in Sheeps in Panjatan District, Kulon Progo Regency, D.I. Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22437/jiiip.v29i1.54230Kata Kunci:
domba, faktor risiko, helminthiasis, Indonesia, prevalensiAbstrak
Latar Belakang: Helminthiasis pada ruminansia kecil menyebabkan masalah pada saluran pencernaan baik akut atau kronis dan kerugian ekonomi global yang signifikan. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan prevalensi dan faktor risiko helminthiasis pada domba di Kecamatan Panjatan, Kabupaten Kulon Progo, Provinsi D.I. Yogyakarta,Indonesia. Metode: Studi ini dilakukan di desa Bugel, Depok dan Krembangan, Kecamatan Panjatan, Kabupaten Kulon Progo, Provinsi D.I. Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Sampel feses (n=176) diperoleh dari 17 peternakan dan dievaluasi keberadaan telur cacing dengan metode Gordon Whitlock, kemudian hitung jumlah telur per gram feses (Eggs per gram/EPG) yang ditemukan secara kuantitatif. Jumlah sampel positif dibandingkan dengan seluruh sampel menjadi dasar perhitungan prevalensi. Hubungan antara prevalensi helminthiasis dengan faktor risiko baik intrinsik (jenis kelamin, umur, dan bangsa) maupun ekstrinsik (instalasi lantai kandang, tipe kandang, kebersihan kandang, dan sistem penggembalaan) dianalisis. Analisis hubungan menggunakan uji chi-kuadrat (χ2). Nilai p 0,05 atau kurang dianggap signifikan secara statistik (P≤0,05). Hasil: Prevalensi helminthiasis secara keseluruhan adalah 94,32% (166/176) Telur cacing yang teridentifikasi adalah telur nematoda golongan Strongyle, telur nematoda Trichuris sp, dan telur cestoda Moniezia spp. Hasil analisis univariat faktor risiko menunjukkan bahwa usia, instalasi lantai kandang, tipe kandang, dan kebersihan kandang berhubungan dengan kejadian helminthiasis (P≤0,05). Kesimpulan: Hasil studi prevalensi secara keseluruhan memiliki persentase yang tinggi dan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara umur, instalasi lantai kandang, tipe kandang dan kebersihan kandang dengan kejadian helminthiasis pada domba yang berasal dari Kecamatan Panjatan, Kabupaten Kulon Progo, Provinsi D.I. Yogyakarta. Prosedur manajemen dan higiene yang efektif harus diterapkan berdasarkan faktor risiko untuk mencegah penyakit. Kajian lebih lanjut terkait tingkat patogenisitas dan dampak ekonominya terhadap peternakan perlu dilakukan agar hasil penelitian lebih mendukung keberhasilan program pengendalian kasus helminthiasis.
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